I-Fiber to the Home (FTTH) iqalile ukuthathwa nzulu ziinkampani zonxibelelwano
Kwihlabathi liphela, okuvumela ubuchwepheshe ukuba buphuhle ngokukhawuleza. Iinethiwekhi ze-optical ezisebenzayo (AON) kunye neenethiwekhi ze-optical ezingasebenziyo (PON) zezona nkqubo zimbini ziphambili ezenza uqhagamshelo lwe-FTTH broadband lube nokwenzeka. IiPON ezinokubonelela ngezisombululo ezingabizi kakhulu zifumaneka kakhulu kwiindawo ezininzi zokusasazwa kwe-FTTH. I-ABC yePON iza kwaziswa kweli nqaku, elibandakanya ikakhulu izinto ezisisiseko kunye netekhnoloji enxulumene nayo kuquka i-OLT, i-ONT, i-ONU, kunye ne-ODN.
Inkcazo yePON: Inkcazo, iMigangatho kunye neeNzuzo
Inethiwekhi ye-optical engasebenziyo ibhekisa kwinethiwekhi ye-fiber-optic esebenzisa i-topology ye-point-to-multipoint kunye ne-optical splitters ukuhambisa idatha ukusuka kwindawo enye yokudlulisela ukuya kwiindawo ezininzi zomsebenzisi. Ngokungafaniyo ne-AON, abathengi abaninzi baqhagamshelwe kwi-transceiver enye ngokusebenzisa umthi we-branching weefayibha kunye ne-passive splitter/combiner units, ezisebenza ngokupheleleyo kwi-optical domain kwaye zingenawo amandla kwi-architecture ye-PON. Kukho imigangatho emibini ephambili ye-PON yangoku: i-Gigabit Passive Optical Network (GPON) kunye ne-Ethernet Passive Optical Network (EPON). Ulwakhiwo lwabo lwe-topology lufana ngokusisiseko. Njengokhetho lokuqala kwiimeko ezininzi zokusetyenziswa kwe-FTTH, isisombululo se-PON sineenzuzo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo:
Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi
Indawo Engafunwa Kancinci
I-bandwidth ephezulu
Ukhuseleko oluphezulu
Kulula ukuyifaka nokwandisa
Iindleko Zokusebenza Nolawulo Ezincitshisiweyo
Ulwakhiwo lwePON kunye neeCandelo
Kwinkqubo yeGigabit Ethernet Passive Optical Network (GEPON), kukho i-optical line terminal (OLT) kwi-ofisi ephakathi yomboneleli wenkonzo kunye nenani leeyunithi ze-optical network (ONUs) okanye ii-optical network terminals (ONTs) ezikufutshane nabasebenzisi bokugqibela, kunye ne-optical splitter (SPL). Ukongeza, i-optical distribution network (ODN) ikwasetyenziswa ngexesha lokudluliselwa phakathi kwe-OLT kunye ne-ONU/ONT.
Isiphelo soMgca woMbane oBonisiweyo (OLT)
I-OLT yindawo yokuqala yenethiwekhi ye-optical engasebenziyo, eqhagamshelwe kwiswitshi engundoqo ngeentambo ze-Ethernet. Umsebenzi oyintloko we-OLT kukuguqula, ukufaka ifreyimu, kunye nokudlulisa imiqondiso yenethiwekhi ye-PON kunye nokulungelelanisa i-optical network terminals multiplexing yokudlulisela okwabelwana ngayo phezulu. Ngokubanzi, izixhobo ze-OLT ziqulathe i-rack, i-CSM (iModule yoLawulo kunye noTshintsho), i-ELM (iModule ye-EPON Link, ikhadi le-PON), ukhuseleko lokuphindaphindeka -48V DC power supply module, okanye imodyuli enye ye-110/220V AC power supply, kunye nabalandeli. Kwezi ndawo, ikhadi le-PON kunye nombane zixhasa i-hot-swap ngelixa enye imodyuli yakhiwe ngaphakathi. I-OLT ineendlela ezimbini zokudada: phezulu (ukufumana ukusasazwa kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zedatha kunye ne-voice traffic evela kubasebenzisi) kunye nokuhla (ukufumana idatha, ilizwi, kunye ne-video traffic evela kwinethiwekhi ye-metro okanye kwinethiwekhi ye-long-haul kunye nokuyithumela kuzo zonke iimodyuli ze-ONT kwi-ODN.) Umgama ophezulu oxhaswayo wokudlulisa kwi-ODN yi-20 km.
Iyunithi yeNethiwekhi yoMbane (i-ONU) / iTheminali yeNethiwekhi yoMbane (i-ONT)
I-ONU iguqula imiqondiso ye-optical ethunyelwa ngefayibha ukuya kwimiqondiso yombane. Ezi miqondiso zombane emva koko zithunyelwa kubabhalisi ngabanye. Ngokubanzi, kukho umgama okanye olunye uthungelwano lokufikelela phakathi kwe-ONU kunye nesakhiwo somsebenzisi wokugqibela. Ngaphezu koko, i-ONU inokuthumela, ihlanganise, kwaye ilungise iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zedatha evela kumthengi kwaye iyithumele phezulu kwi-OLT. Ukulungisa yinkqubo elungiselela kwaye ihlengahlengise umjelo wedatha ukuze ihanjiswe ngokufanelekileyo. I-OLT ixhasa ukwabiwa kwe-bandwidth evumela ukuhanjiswa kwedatha ngokulula kwi-OLT, edla ngokufika ngokuqhuma kumthengi. I-ONU inokuqhagamshelwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye neentlobo zeentambo, njengocingo lwekopolo olujijekileyo, intambo ye-coaxial, i-optical fiber, okanye nge-Wi-Fi.
Izixhobo zomsebenzisi wokugqibela zinokubizwa ngokuba yi-optical network terminal (ONT). Enyanisweni, i-ONT iyafana ne-ONU ngokwenyani. I-ONT ligama le-ITU-T, ngelixa i-ONU ligama le-IEEE. Zikwimibutho eyahlukeneyo esemgangathweni, zombini zibhekisa kwizixhobo ezisecaleni lomsebenzisi kwinkqubo ye-GEPON. Kodwa ekusebenzeni, kukho umahluko omncinci phakathi kwe-ONT kunye ne-ONU ngokwendawo ezikuyo.
Inethiwekhi yoSasazo lweOptical (ODN)
I-ODN, inxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo ye-PON, ibonelela ngesixhobo sokudlulisa i-optical ukuze kuqhagamshelwe ii-ONUs kwi-OLTs ezikude kangange-20 km okanye kude. Ngaphakathi kwi-ODN, iintambo ze-fiber optic, izihlanganisi ze-fiber optic, izihlukanisi ze-optical ezingasebenziyo, kunye nezinto ezincedisayo ziyasebenzisana. I-ODN ngokukodwa inamacandelo amahlanu aquka i-feeder fiber, indawo yokusasaza i-optical, i-distribution fiber, indawo yokufikelela i-optical, kunye ne-drop fiber. I-feeder fiber iqala kwi-optical distribution frame (ODF) kwigumbi lonxibelelwano lweofisi ephakathi kwaye iphela kwindawo yokusasaza i-optical ukuze igubungele umgama omde. I-distribution fiber ukusuka kwindawo yokusasaza i-optical ukuya kwindawo yokufikelela i-optical isasaza ii-optical fibers kwiindawo ezisecaleni kwayo. I-drop fiber idibanisa indawo yokufikelela i-optical kwi-terminals (ONTs), ifezekisa i-optical fiber drop kumakhaya abasebenzisi. Ukongeza, i-ODN yeyona ndlela ibalulekileyo ekudlulisweni kwedatha ye-PON kwaye umgangatho wayo uchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza, ukuthembeka, kunye nokukhula kwenkqubo ye-PON.
Isiphelo
I-OLT, i-ONU okanye i-ONT, kunye ne-ODN zezona zinto ziphambili kwinkqubo ye-GEPON, eziye zasetyenziswa kakhulu kwizicelo ze-FTTH kude kube ngoku. Ukuncipha kweziseko zoqhagamshelwano lweentambo (akukho zinto zisebenzayo) kunye nokudluliselwa kweendaba eziguquguqukayo kuncedisa ekubeni iinethiwekhi ze-optical ezingasebenziyo zibe zilungele ngakumbi i-intanethi yasekhaya, ilizwi, kunye nezicelo zevidiyo. Ukongeza, iinethiwekhi ze-optical ezingasebenziyo zingasetyenziswa nakwiikhampasi zekholeji nakwiindawo zoshishino, zibonelela ngezisombululo ezingabizi kakhulu. Njengoko ubuchwepheshe be-PON buqhubeka buphucuka, izicelo ezinokubakho nazo ziye zanda.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Juni-14-2022